When buying outdoor sockets, lights, or bathroom fittings in the UK, you’ll often see a code like IP44 or IP65 on the product label. But what do these numbers mean?

This blog will explain IP ratings in a simple way and help you choose the right protection level for different parts of your home, especially in areas exposed to water and dust.

What is an IP Rating?

IP stands for Ingress Protection. It’s a system used worldwide to show how well a product is protected against solids (like dust) and liquids (like water).

The IP rating is made up of two numbers:

• First digit: Protection against solid objects (like dust, dirt)
• Second digit: Protection against water (like rain, splashes, jets)

For example, in IP65:

• 6 = dust-tight
• 5 = protected against water jets

The higher the number, the better the protection.

Why Are IP Ratings Important in UK Homes?

UK weather is often wet and unpredictable. If you are installing outdoor electrical equipment — like garden lights, security cameras, or outside sockets — you need to be sure they’re safe to use in rain and damp conditions.

Even inside the home, bathrooms and kitchens have high moisture levels. Without the right IP-rated products, there’s a risk of electric shocks, short circuits, or product failure.

Understanding IP Ratings: What the Numbers Mean

Common Use Cases in the UK

1. Outdoor Sockets
If you’re installing sockets in the garden or patio, choose at least IP66. These are fully sealed against dust and strong rain. Many come with a hinged cover for added protection.

2. Garden Lighting
Use IP65 or IP67 fixtures to ensure they survive heavy rain and dust.

3. Bathroom Lighting and Fittings
Different bathroom zones require different IP ratings:

• Zone 0 (inside bath/shower): Minimum IP67
• Zone 1 (above bath/shower): Minimum IP65
• Zone 2 (around basin, near taps): Minimum IP44

Always follow UK wiring regulations and get help from a certified electrician.

4. Kitchen Extractor Fans and Cabinet Lights
Moisture-resistant fittings with IP44 or higher are recommended.

How to Choose the Right IP Rating

Ask yourself three simple questions:

1. Is the product going outside or in a wet area?
• If yes, look for IP44 or higher
2. Will it be directly exposed to rain or water spray?
• Choose IP65 or more
3. Will it be installed underground or in water (like a pond)?
• Use IP67 or above

Do IP Ratings Affect Product Cost?

Yes, a higher IP-rated product usually costs more because it offers better sealing and protection. But it’s a wise investment — you reduce the risk of electric faults, replacements, or accidents.

Do All Electrical Products Have an IP Rating?

No, not all. Basic indoor items may not display one. But for any outdoor or bathroom use, always check the IP rating before buying.

If you’re unsure, consult an electrician or check UK building regulations for guidance.

Final Thoughts

IP ratings may look confusing at first, but they’re simple once you know the basics. Just remember:

• The first number = dust protection
• The second number = water protection

Choosing the right IP-rated socket, light, or switch keeps your home safe, legal, and weatherproof — especially in the UK where rain is a regular visitor.